Spatially confined induction of endochondral ossification by functionalized hydrogels for ectopic engineering of osteochondral tissues

Stüdle, Chiara; Vallmajó-Martín, Queralt; Haumer, Alexander; Guerrero, Julien; Centola, Matteo; Mehrkens, Arne; Schaefer, Dirk J; Ehrbar, Martin; Barbero, Andrea; Martin, Ivan

doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.04.025

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Stüdle, C., Vallmajó-Martín, Q., Haumer, A., Guerrero, J., Centola, M., Mehrkens, A., Schaefer, D. J., Ehrbar, M., Barbero, A., & Martin, I. (2018). Spatially confined induction of endochondral ossification by functionalized hydrogels for ectopic engineering of osteochondral tissues. Biomaterials, 171, 219–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.04.025

Abstract

Despite the various reported approaches to generate osteochondral composites by combination of different cell types and materials, engineering of templates with the capacity to autonomously and orderly develop into cartilage-bone bi-layered structures remains an open challenge. Here, we hypothesized that the embedding of cells inducible to endochondral ossification (i.e. bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells, BMSCs) and of cells capable of robust and stable chondrogenesis (i.e. nasal chondrocytes, NCs) adjacent to each other i