The Role of Environmental Conditions on Marathon Running Performance in Men Competing in Boston Marathon from 1897 to 2018

Nikolaidis, Pantelis T; Di Gangi, Stefania; Chtourou, Hamdi; Rüst, Christoph Alexander; Rosemann, Thomas; Knechtle, Beat

doi:10.3390/ijerph16040614

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Nikolaidis, P. T., Di Gangi, S., Chtourou, H., Rüst, C. A., Rosemann, T., & Knechtle, B. (2019). The Role of Environmental Conditions on Marathon Running Performance in Men Competing in Boston Marathon from 1897 to 2018. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(4), 614. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16040614

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of weather conditions on male performance during the Boston Marathon from 1897 to 2018. A total of 383,982 observations from 244,642 different finishers were analysed using Generalized Additive Mixed Models. All runners, annual top 100 finishers and annual top ten finishers were considered. Weather conditions, on race day, were: average air temperature (°C), precipitations (mm), wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) (°C), wind speed (km/h), wind direction (N, S, W, E) and pressure (hPa). These effects w