Space Use of the White-Backed Woodpecker in a Heterogeneous Landscape: Implications for Forest Management

Abstract

Deforestation and forest management have resulted in massive habitat loss and habitat degradation for forest-dependent species, particularly for those associated with late successional stages. Whether integrative conservation measures, e.g., retaining deadwood and habitat trees in managed forests, are sufficient for the conservation of such species is unclear. In heterogeneous forest landscapes, habitat specialists with large area requirements may use a variety of forest stands to compensate for the lack of high-quality habitat or to Show more