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Water and solute transport across the peritoneal membrane

Morelle, Johann; Devuyst, Olivier (2015). Water and solute transport across the peritoneal membrane. Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension, 24(5):434-443.

Abstract

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We review the molecular mechanisms of peritoneal transport and discuss how a better understanding of these mechanisms is relevant for dialysis therapy.
RECENT FINDINGS: Peritoneal dialysis involves diffusion and osmosis through the highly vascularized peritoneal membrane. Computer simulations, expression studies and functional analyses in Aqp1 knockout mice demonstrated the critical role of the water channel aquaporin-1 (AQP1) in water removal during peritoneal dialysis. Pharmacologic regulation of AQP1, either through increased expression or gating, is associated with increased water transport in rodent models of peritoneal dialysis. Water transport is impaired during acute peritonitis, despite unchanged expression of AQP1, resulting from the increased microvascular area that dissipates the osmotic gradient across the membrane. In long-term peritoneal dialysis patients, the fibrotic interstitium also impairs water transport, resulting in ultrafiltration failure. Recent data suggest that stroke and drug intoxications might benefit from peritoneal dialysis and could represent novel applications of peritoneal transport in the future.
SUMMARY: A better understanding of the regulation of osmotic water transport across the peritoneum offers novel insights into the role of water channels in microvascular endothelia, the functional importance of structural changes in the peritoneal interstitium and the transport of water and solutes across biological membranes in general.

Additional indexing

Item Type:Journal Article, refereed, further contribution
Communities & Collections:04 Faculty of Medicine > Institute of Physiology
07 Faculty of Science > Institute of Physiology

04 Faculty of Medicine > Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP)
Dewey Decimal Classification:570 Life sciences; biology
610 Medicine & health
Scopus Subject Areas:Health Sciences > Internal Medicine
Health Sciences > Nephrology
Language:English
Date:September 2015
Deposited On:19 Feb 2016 12:21
Last Modified:15 Oct 2024 01:36
Publisher:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISSN:1062-4821
OA Status:Green
Publisher DOI:https://doi.org/10.1097/MNH.0000000000000151
PubMed ID:26197201
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