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Isoform‐specific localization of DNMT3A regulates DNA methylation fidelity at bivalent CpG islands


Manzo, Massimiliano; Wirz, Joël; Ambrosi, Christina; Villaseñor, Rodrigo; Roschitzki, Bernd; Baubec, Tuncay (2017). Isoform‐specific localization of DNMT3A regulates DNA methylation fidelity at bivalent CpG islands. EMBO Journal Online, 36(23):3421-3434.

Abstract

DNA methylation is a prevalent epigenetic modification involved in transcriptional regulation and essential for mammalian development. While the genome-wide distribution of this mark has been studied to great detail, the mechanisms responsible for its correct deposition, as well as the cause for its aberrant localization in cancers, have not been fully elucidated. Here, we have compared the activity of individual DNMT3A isoforms in mouse embryonic stem and neuronal progenitor cells and report that these isoforms differ in their genomic binding and DNA methylation activity at regulatory sites. We identify that the longer isoform DNMT3A1 preferentially localizes to the methylated shores of bivalent CpG island promoters in a tissue-specific manner. The isoform-specific targeting of DNMT3A1 coincides with elevated hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) deposition, suggesting an involvement of this isoform in mediating turnover of DNA methylation at these sites. Through genetic deletion and rescue experiments, we demonstrate that this isoform-specific recruitment plays a role in de novo DNA methylation at CpG island shores, with potential implications on H3K27me3-mediated regulation of developmental genes.

Abstract

DNA methylation is a prevalent epigenetic modification involved in transcriptional regulation and essential for mammalian development. While the genome-wide distribution of this mark has been studied to great detail, the mechanisms responsible for its correct deposition, as well as the cause for its aberrant localization in cancers, have not been fully elucidated. Here, we have compared the activity of individual DNMT3A isoforms in mouse embryonic stem and neuronal progenitor cells and report that these isoforms differ in their genomic binding and DNA methylation activity at regulatory sites. We identify that the longer isoform DNMT3A1 preferentially localizes to the methylated shores of bivalent CpG island promoters in a tissue-specific manner. The isoform-specific targeting of DNMT3A1 coincides with elevated hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) deposition, suggesting an involvement of this isoform in mediating turnover of DNA methylation at these sites. Through genetic deletion and rescue experiments, we demonstrate that this isoform-specific recruitment plays a role in de novo DNA methylation at CpG island shores, with potential implications on H3K27me3-mediated regulation of developmental genes.

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Item Type:Journal Article, refereed, original work
Communities & Collections:05 Vetsuisse Faculty > Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease
07 Faculty of Science > Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease
Dewey Decimal Classification:570 Life sciences; biology
Scopus Subject Areas:Life Sciences > General Neuroscience
Life Sciences > Molecular Biology
Life Sciences > General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Life Sciences > General Immunology and Microbiology
Uncontrolled Keywords:CpG islands, DNA methylation, DNMT3A, H3K27me3, Polycomb
Language:English
Date:December 2017
Deposited On:15 Jan 2018 18:37
Last Modified:26 Jan 2022 14:59
Publisher:Nature Publishing Group
ISSN:0261-4189
OA Status:Hybrid
Free access at:PubMed ID. An embargo period may apply.
Publisher DOI:https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.201797038
PubMed ID:29074627
Project Information:
  • : FunderSNSF
  • : Grant IDPP00P3_157488
  • : Project TitleEpigenomic patterns: generation, interpretation and their role in regulating genome function
  • Content: Published Version
  • Licence: Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)