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Bile acid sequestration by cholestyramine mitigates FGFR4 inhibition-induced ALT elevation

Abstract

The FGF19-FGFR4-βKlotho (KLB) pathway plays an important role in the regulation of bile acid (BA) homeostasis. Aberrant activation of this pathway has been described in the development and progression of a subset of liver cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), establishing FGFR4 as an attractive therapeutic target for such solid tumors. FGF401 is a highly selective FGFR4 kinase inhibitor being developed for HCC, currently in Phase I/II clinical studies. In preclinical studies in mice and dogs, oral administration of FGF401 led to induction of Cyp7a1, elevation of its peripheral marker 7alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4), increased BA pool size, decreased serum cholesterol and diarrhea in dogs. FGF401 was also associated with increases of serum aminotransferases, primarily alanine aminotransferase (ALT), in the absence of any observable adverse histopathological findings in the liver, or in any other organs. We hypothesized that the increase in ALT could be secondary to increased BAs and conducted an investigative study in dogs with FGF401 and co-administration of the BA sequestrant cholestyramine (CHO). CHO prevented and reversed FGF401-related increases in ALT in dogs in parallel to its ability to reduce BAs in the circulation. Correlation analysis showed that FGF401-mediated increases in ALT strongly correlated with increases in taurolithocholic acid (TLCA) and taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA), the major secondary BAs in dog plasma, indicating a mechanistic link between ALT elevation and changes in BA pool hydrophobicity. Thus, CHO may offer the potential to mitigate elevations in serum aminotransferases in human subjects that are caused by targeted FGFR4 inhibition and elevated intracellular BA levels.

Additional indexing

Item Type:Journal Article, refereed, original work
Communities & Collections:04 Faculty of Medicine > University Hospital Zurich > Clinic for Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology
Dewey Decimal Classification:610 Medicine & health
Scopus Subject Areas:Life Sciences > Toxicology
Language:English
Date:2018
Deposited On:08 Mar 2018 16:40
Last Modified:18 Oct 2024 01:39
Publisher:Oxford University Press
ISSN:1096-0929
Additional Information:This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Toxicological Sciences following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version Schadt H S et al: Toxicological Sciences is available online at:https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfy031.
OA Status:Hybrid
Free access at:Publisher DOI. An embargo period may apply.
Publisher DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfy031
PubMed ID:29432567
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