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Genome editing of human primary keratinocytes by CRISPR/Cas9 reveals an essential role of the NLRP1 inflammasome in UVB sensing

Fenini, Gabriele; Grossi, Serena; Contassot, Emmanuel; Biedermann, Thomas; Reichmann, Ernst; French, Lars E; Beer, Hans-Dietmar (2018). Genome editing of human primary keratinocytes by CRISPR/Cas9 reveals an essential role of the NLRP1 inflammasome in UVB sensing. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 138(12):2644-2652.

Abstract

By forming a protective barrier, epidermal keratinocytes represent the first line of defense against environmental insults. UVB radiation of the sun is a major challenge for the skin and can induce inflammation, aging and eventually skin cancer. UVB induces an immune response in human keratinocytes resulting in activation and secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines proIL-1β and -18. This is mediated by assembly of protein complexes, termed inflammasomes. However, the mechanisms underlying sensing of UVB by keratinocytes, and particularly the types of inflammasomes required for cytokine secretion, are a matter of debate. To address these questions, we established a protocol that allows the generation of CRISPR/Cas9-targeted human primary keratinocytes. Our experiments revealed an essential role of the NLRP1 rather than the NLRP3 inflammasome in UVB sensing and subsequent IL-1β and -18 secretion by keratinocytes. Moreover, NLRP1 but not NLRP3 was required for inflammasome activation in response to nigericin, a potassium ionophore and well-established NLRP3 activator in immune cells. Since the CRISPR/Cas9-targeted cells retained their full differentiation capacity, genome editing of human primary keratinocytes might be useful for numerous research and medical applications.

Additional indexing

Item Type:Journal Article, refereed, original work
Communities & Collections:04 Faculty of Medicine > University Hospital Zurich > Dermatology Clinic
04 Faculty of Medicine > University Children's Hospital Zurich > Clinic for Surgery
Dewey Decimal Classification:610 Medicine & health
Scopus Subject Areas:Life Sciences > Biochemistry
Life Sciences > Molecular Biology
Health Sciences > Dermatology
Life Sciences > Cell Biology
Uncontrolled Keywords:Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Dermatology
Language:English
Date:1 December 2018
Deposited On:21 Aug 2018 06:27
Last Modified:19 Oct 2024 01:36
Publisher:Elsevier
ISSN:0022-202X
OA Status:Hybrid
Free access at:Publisher DOI. An embargo period may apply.
Publisher DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2018.07.016
PubMed ID:30096351
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