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Multicenter Prospective Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Dose-Dense Gemcitabine Plus Cisplatin in Patients With Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

Iyer, Gopa; Balar, Arjun V; Milowsky, Matthew I; et al (2018). Multicenter Prospective Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Dose-Dense Gemcitabine Plus Cisplatin in Patients With Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 36(19):1949-1956.

Abstract

Purpose Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy (RC) is a standard of care for the management of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Dose-dense cisplatin-based regimens have yielded favorable outcomes compared with standard-dose chemotherapy, yet the optimal neoadjuvant regimen remains undefined. We assessed the efficacy and tolerability of six cycles of neoadjuvant dose-dense gemcitabine and cisplatin (ddGC) in patients with MIBC. Patients and Methods In this prospective, multicenter phase II study, patients received ddGC (gemcitabine 2,500 mg/m2 on day 1 and cisplatin 35 mg/m2 on days 1 and 2) every 2 weeks for 6 cycles followed by RC. The primary end point was pathologic downstaging to non-muscle-invasive disease (< pT2N0). Patients who did not undergo RC were deemed nonresponders. Pretreatment tumors underwent next-generation sequencing to identify predictors of chemosensitivity. Results Forty-nine patients were enrolled from three institutions. The primary end point was met, with 57% of 46 evaluable patients downstaged to < pT2N0. Pathologic response correlated with improved recurrence-free survival and overall survival. Nineteen patients (39%) required toxicity-related dose modifications. Sixty-seven percent of patients completed all six planned cycles. No patient failed to undergo RC as a result of chemotherapy-associated toxicities. The most frequent treatment-related toxicity was anemia (12%; grade 3). The presence of a presumed deleterious DNA damage response (DDR) gene alteration was associated with chemosensitivity (positive predictive value for < pT2N0 [89%]). No patient with a deleterious DDR gene alteration has experienced recurrence at a median follow-up of 2 years. Conclusion Six cycles of ddGC is an active, well-tolerated neoadjuvant regimen for the treatment of patients with MIBC. The presence of a putative deleterious DDR gene alteration in pretreatment tumor tissue strongly predicted for chemosensitivity, durable response, and superior long-term survival.

Additional indexing

Item Type:Journal Article, refereed, original work
Communities & Collections:04 Faculty of Medicine > University Hospital Zurich > Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology
Dewey Decimal Classification:610 Medicine & health
Scopus Subject Areas:Health Sciences > Oncology
Life Sciences > Cancer Research
Uncontrolled Keywords:Cancer Research, Oncology
Language:English
Date:1 July 2018
Deposited On:30 Nov 2018 15:08
Last Modified:20 Oct 2024 01:35
Publisher:American Society of Clinical Oncology
ISSN:0732-183X
OA Status:Green
Free access at:PubMed ID. An embargo period may apply.
Publisher DOI:https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.75.0158
PubMed ID:29742009
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