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Facile Fischer–Tropsch Chain Growth from CH2 Monomers Enabled by the Dynamic CO Adlayer

Foppa, Lucas; Iannuzzi, Marcella; Copéret, Christophe; Comas-Vives, Aleix (2019). Facile Fischer–Tropsch Chain Growth from CH2 Monomers Enabled by the Dynamic CO Adlayer. ACS Catalysis, 9:6571-6582.

Abstract

Numerous chain growth mechanisms, namely CO insertion and carbide, and active sites (flat and stepped surfaces) have been proposed to explain how hydrocarbons are formed from syngas during the Fischer–Tropsch reaction on Ru catalysts, particularly active and selective toward long-chain products. While these reaction pathways are supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, computational models often considered surfaces at rather low adsorbate coverage. A systematic comparison of chain growth mechanisms including the CO adlayer present on the catalyst’s surface under reaction conditions is therefore not available due to the challenging representation of co-adsorbate interactions in DFT models. Here, we show that the high coverage of chemisorbed CO on the metal surface favors the carbide mechanism on flat surfaces according to ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, which introduce the complex adlayer effects at the reaction temperature of 200 °C. At the considered CO and H coverages (0.50–0.72 and 0.24 monolayer, respectively) hydrocarbon formation involves CH2 monomers yielding ethylene and propylene as primary products, consistent with the selectivity observed in experiments. Such mechanism is favored by the presence of the CO adlayer. Indeed, in the absence of co-adsorbed CO, methane may be formed on the flat surface and the first C–C bond occurs preferentially on stepped surfaces via CH and CH2 monomers with a higher free-energy barrier (55 kJ mol–1) compared to the coupling of two CH2 species at high CO coverage on the flat surface (20 kJ mol–1). Therefore, the CO adlayer strongly modulates the nature of chain growth monomers and active sites and drives the formation of hydrocarbons during Ru-catalyzed Fischer–Tropsch. Overall, these results show how adsorbate–adsorbate interactions dictate reaction mechanisms operating in adlayers, ubiquitous in heterogeneous catalysis.

Additional indexing

Item Type:Journal Article, not_refereed, original work
Communities & Collections:07 Faculty of Science > Department of Chemistry
Dewey Decimal Classification:540 Chemistry
Scopus Subject Areas:Physical Sciences > Catalysis
Physical Sciences > General Chemistry
Language:English
Date:25 June 2019
Deposited On:24 Jul 2019 12:21
Last Modified:20 Jun 2025 01:36
Publisher:American Chemical Society (ACS)
ISSN:2155-5435
OA Status:Closed
Publisher DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.9b00239
Official URL:https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acscatal.9b00239
Project Information:
  • Funder: SNSF
  • Grant ID: PZ00P2_148059
  • Project Title: Support Effects in Catalysis: The Case of Dry Reforming

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