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Cocaine Hydroxy Metabolites in Hair: Indicators for Cocaine Use Versus External Contamination

Scholz, Clementine; Quednow, Boris B; Herdener, Marcus; Kraemer, Thomas; Baumgartner, Markus R (2019). Cocaine Hydroxy Metabolites in Hair: Indicators for Cocaine Use Versus External Contamination. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 43(7):543-552.

Abstract

Given that external contamination must be considered in hair analysis, there is still a demand for reliable tools to differentiate between incorporation of drugs into the hair as a result of drug consumption and of the hair shaft by external contamination. With the aim of establishing alternative discrimination parameters, some of the hydroxy metabolites of cocaine i.e., para- and meta-hydroxycocaine and para- and meta-hydroxybenzoylecgonine were measured together with cocaine, benzoylecgonine, cocaethylene, and norcocaine in five seized street cocaine samples and in hair samples from different cohorts: cohort 1 (in vivo external contamination study, n = 28), cohort 2 (individuals with self-reported cocaine use, n = 92), and cohort 3 (individuals with suspected cocaine use or contamination, n = 198). Statistical evaluation of the data of cohort 1 and 2 using ROC curves yielded metabolic ratios indicating cocaine use. Based on these results, a decision workflow was established for the discrimination between cocaine use and external contamination. The power of this approach was finally statistically validated across the different cohorts.

Additional indexing

Item Type:Journal Article, refereed, original work
Communities & Collections:04 Faculty of Medicine > Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich > Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics
04 Faculty of Medicine > Neuroscience Center Zurich
04 Faculty of Medicine > Institute of Legal Medicine
Dewey Decimal Classification:610 Medicine & health
Scopus Subject Areas:Physical Sciences > Analytical Chemistry
Physical Sciences > Environmental Chemistry
Life Sciences > Toxicology
Physical Sciences > Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Physical Sciences > Chemical Health and Safety
Uncontrolled Keywords:Toxicology, Analytical Chemistry, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Chemical Health and Safety, Environmental Chemistry
Language:English
Date:23 August 2019
Deposited On:31 Oct 2019 13:25
Last Modified:21 May 2025 01:37
Publisher:Oxford University Press
ISSN:0146-4760
OA Status:Closed
Free access at:Publisher DOI. An embargo period may apply.
Publisher DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/bkz022
PubMed ID:30927360
Project Information:
  • Funder: FP7
  • Grant ID: 218264
  • Project Title: DEMASST - Security of critical infrastructures related to mass transportation

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