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Dose-dependent effectiveness of acellular pertussis vaccine in infants: A population-based case-control study

Mack, I; Erlanger, T E; Lang, Phung; Sinniger, P; Perisa, D; Heininger, U (2020). Dose-dependent effectiveness of acellular pertussis vaccine in infants: A population-based case-control study. Vaccine, 38(6):1444-1449.

Abstract

Background

Pertussis is a vaccine-preventable disease which is most severe in young infants. More than two decades after the introduction of acelluar pertussis vaccines (aPV) in national immunization programs in many countries worldwide, a resurgence of pertussis has been recognized. Suboptimal effectiveness of aPV has been blamed as one major reason but only few studies have evaluated dose-dependent vaccine effectiveness (VE) provided by aPV in current practice.
Methods

We performed a population-based retrospective case-control study by comparing pertussis immunization data of children 2.5 months to 2 years of age hospitalized for pertussis and residing in Switzerland with immunization data of a random control sample of children aged 2 years and residing in Switzerland. VE was defined as the percentage of hospitalizations avoided by number of aPV doses. It was calculated as 1-infection rate ratio (IRR)*100. IRR was calculated by dividing infection rates of vaccinated children and infection rates of unvaccinated children. To get dose specific VE, infection rates were stratified by number doses received.
Results

VE against hospitalization due to pertussis increased significantly with each consecutive aPV dose in a “3 + 1” primary course in infants: 42.1% (95% CI: 11.3–62.6), 83.9% (70.2–92.1), 98.2% (96.1–99.3), and 100% (97.9–100) after the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th dose, respectively.
Conclusion

Acellular pertussis vaccines continue to demonstrate protection against hospitalization due to pertussis in infants and young children. Therefore, together with advancing immunization of pregnant women and household contacts, better control of severe pertussis in young infants can be achieved by timely initiation of immunization.

Additional indexing

Item Type:Journal Article, refereed, original work
Communities & Collections:04 Faculty of Medicine > Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI)
Dewey Decimal Classification:610 Medicine & health
Scopus Subject Areas:Life Sciences > Molecular Medicine
Life Sciences > General Immunology and Microbiology
Health Sciences > General Veterinary
Health Sciences > Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Health Sciences > Infectious Diseases
Uncontrolled Keywords:Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Immunology and Microbiology, Molecular Medicine, General Veterinary, Infectious Diseases
Language:English
Date:1 February 2020
Deposited On:28 Jan 2021 10:55
Last Modified:24 Sep 2024 01:37
Publisher:Elsevier
ISSN:0264-410X
OA Status:Closed
Publisher DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.11.069
PubMed ID:31813648

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