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Different molecular changes underlie the same phenotypic transition: Origins and consequences of independent shifts to homostyly within species

Mora-Carrera, Emiliano; Stubbs, Rebecca L; Keller, Barbara; Léveillé‐Bourret, Étienne; de Vos, Jurriaan M; Szövényi, Péter; Conti, Elena (2023). Different molecular changes underlie the same phenotypic transition: Origins and consequences of independent shifts to homostyly within species. Molecular Ecology, 32(1):61-78.

Abstract

The repeated transition from outcrossing to selfing is a key topic in evolutionary biology. However, the molecular basis of such shifts has been rarely examined due to lack of knowledge of the genes controlling these transitions. A classic example of mating system transition is the repeated shift from heterostyly to homostyly. Occurring in 28 angiosperm families, heterostyly is characterized by the reciprocal position of male and female sexual organs in two (or three) distinct, usually self-incompatible floral morphs. Conversely, homostyly is characterized by a single, self-compatible floral morph with reduced separation of male and female organs, facilitating selfing. Here, we investigate the origins of homostyly in Primula vulgaris and its microevolutionary consequences by integrating surveys of the frequency of homostyles in natural populations, DNA sequence analyses of the gene controlling the position of female sexual organs (CYPᵀ), and microsatellite genotyping of both progeny arrays and natural populations characterized by varying frequencies of homostyles. As expected, we found that homostyles displace short-styled individuals, but long-style morphs are maintained at low frequencies within populations. We also demonstrated that homostyles repeatedly evolved from short-styled individuals in association with different types of loss-of- function mutations in CYPᵀ. Additionally, homostyly triggers a shift to selfing, promoting increased inbreeding within and genetic differentiation among populations. Our results elucidate the causes and consequences of repeated transitions to homostyly within species, and the putative mechanisms precluding its fixation in P. vulgaris. This study represents a benchmark for future analyses of losses of heterostyly in other angiosperms.

Additional indexing

Item Type:Journal Article, refereed, original work
Communities & Collections:07 Faculty of Science > Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany
07 Faculty of Science > Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center
Dewey Decimal Classification:580 Plants (Botany)
Scopus Subject Areas:Life Sciences > Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Life Sciences > Genetics
Uncontrolled Keywords:Genetics, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Language:English
Date:1 January 2023
Deposited On:20 Jan 2022 12:59
Last Modified:27 Oct 2024 02:35
Publisher:Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
ISSN:0962-1083
OA Status:Hybrid
Free access at:PubMed ID. An embargo period may apply.
Publisher DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16270
PubMed ID:34761469
Project Information:
  • Funder: SNSF
  • Grant ID: 310030_185251
  • Project Title: PRO-Alp. Plant reproduction of the alpine zone: disentangling ecological drivers of trait evolution
  • Funder: SNSF
  • Grant ID: 31003A_175556
  • Project Title: The evolutionary roles of hybridization and introgression: investigating species and genomic boundaries under climate change (Primula genomics: PrimGEN)
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