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Prior exposure to stress allows the maintenance of an ecosystem cycle following severe acidification

van Moorsel, Sofia J; Marleau, Justin N; Negrín Dastis, Jorge O; Bazerghi, Charles; Fugère, Vincent; Petchey, Owen L; Gonzalez, Andrew (2021). Prior exposure to stress allows the maintenance of an ecosystem cycle following severe acidification. Oikos, 130(7):1062-1073.

Abstract

Ecosystem processes vary temporally due to environmental fluctuations, such as when variation in solar energy causes diurnal cycles in primary production. This normal variation in ecosystem functioning may be disrupted and even lost if taxa contributing to functioning go extinct due to environmental stress. However, when communities are exposed to the stress at sub-lethal levels over several generations, they may be able to develop community-level stress tolerance via ecological (e.g. species sorting) or evolutionary (e.g. selection for tolerant genotypes) mechanisms and thus avoid the loss of stability, as defined by the resistance of a process. Community tolerance to a novel stressor is expected to increase the resistance of key processes in stressed ecosystems. In freshwater communities we tested whether prolonged prior exposure to an environmental stressor, i.e. acidification, could increase ecosystem stability when the communities were exposed to a subsequent press perturbation of more severe acidification. As a measure of ecosystem stability, we quantified the diurnal variation in dissolved oxygen (DO), and the resistance of the DO cycle and phytoplankton biomass. High-frequency data from oxygen loggers deployed in 12 mesocosms showed that severe acidification with sulfuric acid to pH 3 could cause a temporary (i.e. two-week long) loss of diurnal variation in dissolved oxygen concentration. The loss of diurnal variation was accompanied by a strong reduction in phytoplankton biomass. However, the pre-exposure to acidification for several weeks resulted in the maintenance of the diurnal cycle and higher levels of phytoplankton biomass, though they did not return to as rapidly to pre-exposure functioning as non-exposed mesocosms. These results suggest that ecosystem stability is intrinsically linked to community-wide stress tolerance, and that a history of exposure to the stressor may increase resistance to it, though at the cost of some resilience.

Additional indexing

Item Type:Journal Article, refereed, original work
Communities & Collections:07 Faculty of Science > Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies
08 Research Priority Programs > Global Change and Biodiversity
Dewey Decimal Classification:570 Life sciences; biology
590 Animals (Zoology)
Scopus Subject Areas:Life Sciences > Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Uncontrolled Keywords:Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Language:English
Date:12 April 2021
Deposited On:04 Feb 2022 11:19
Last Modified:26 Jan 2025 02:43
Publisher:Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
ISSN:0030-1299
OA Status:Green
Publisher DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.07829
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