Observation of the $B_c^+$ Meson in Pb-Pb and pp Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV and Measurement of its Nuclear Modification Factor

Abstract

The B+c meson is observed for the first time in heavy ion collisions. Data from the CMS detector are used to study the production of the B+c meson in lead-lead (Pb-Pb) and proton-proton (pp) collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of √sNN=5.02  TeV, via the B+c→(J/ψ→μ+μ−)μ+νμ decay. The B+c nuclear modification factor, derived from the Pb-Pb–to–pp ratio of production cross sections, is measured in two bins of the trimuon transverse momentum and of the Pb-Pb collision centrality. The B+c meson is shown to be less suppressed than quarkonia and most of the open heavy-flavor mesons, suggesting that effects of the hot and dense nuclear matter created in heavy ion collisions contribute to its production. This measurement sets forth a promising new probe of the interplay of suppression and enhancement mechanisms in the production of heavy-flavor mesons in the quark-gluon plasma.