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Abnormal phenotypes in uniparental disomy (UPD): fundamental aspects and a critical review with bibliography of UPD other than 15

Kotzot, Dieter (1999). Abnormal phenotypes in uniparental disomy (UPD): fundamental aspects and a critical review with bibliography of UPD other than 15. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 82(3):265-274.

Abstract

Uniparental disomy (UPD) is the inheritance of both homologous chromosomes from only one parent. The bases are always two events, either two meiotic, or one meiotic and one mitotic, or two mitotic. An aberrant imprint, homozygosity of autosomal recessive gene mutations, homozygosity of X-chromosomal disorders in females, and father-to-son transmission of X-linked traits are the possible and yet repeatedly documented consequences sometimes associated with unfavorable handicaps. Fertilization of a disomic (=hyperhaploid) gamete by a gamete monosomic for the same chromosome and subsequent loss of the normally inherited chromosome (trisomy rescue) is the most frequently supposed mechanism of formation and might result in mosaicism in the placenta or even in a subset of fetal tissues. This low-level mosaicism can remain undetected and renders the delineation of a phenotype more difficult. Therefore, the phenotype of cases with UPD is determined by mosaicism, genomic imprinting, the nonmendelian inheritance of monogenic disorders, or by a combination of all these factors. A survey of all reported cases demonstrates a preponderance of maternal versus paternal UPD (approximately 3:1) and an unequal chromosomal distribution. Most likely, deleterious trisomy mosaicism, imprinted genes, the nature of the chromosome itself, the clinical interest in a single chromosome, and, last but not least, an ascertainment bias are therefore responsible.

Additional indexing

Item Type:Journal Article, refereed, further contribution
Communities & Collections:04 Faculty of Medicine > Institute of Medical Genetics
Dewey Decimal Classification:570 Life sciences; biology
610 Medicine & health
Scopus Subject Areas:Life Sciences > Genetics
Health Sciences > Genetics (clinical)
Uncontrolled Keywords:Genetics, genomic imprinting, uniparental disomy, mosaicism
Language:English
Date:29 January 1999
Deposited On:18 Apr 2023 14:27
Last Modified:29 Oct 2024 02:39
Publisher:Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
ISSN:0148-7299
OA Status:Closed
Publisher DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19990129)82:3<265::AID-AJMG14>3.0.CO;2-6
PubMed ID:10215553

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