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In vivo and in vitro evaluation of flexible, cottonwool-like nanocomposites as bone substitute material for complex defects

Schneider, O D; Weber, Franz; Brunner, T J; Loher, S; Ehrbar, M; Schmidlin, P R; Stark, W J (2009). In vivo and in vitro evaluation of flexible, cottonwool-like nanocomposites as bone substitute material for complex defects. Acta Biomaterialia, 5(5):1775-1784.

Abstract

The easy clinical handling and applicability of biomaterials has become a focus of materials research due to rapidly increasing time and cost pressures in the public health sector. The present study assesses the in vitro and in vivo performance of a flexible, mouldable, cottonwool-like nanocomposite based on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) and amorphous tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles (PLGA/TCP 60:40). Immersion in simulated body fluid showed exceptional in vitro bioactivity for TCP-containing fibres (mass gain: 18%, 2 days, HAp deposition). Bone regeneration was quantitatively investigated by creating four circular non-critical-size calvarial defects in New Zealand White rabbits. The defects were filled with the easy applicable cottonwool-like PLGA/TCP fibres or PLGA alone. Porous bovine-derived mineral (Bio-Oss) was used as a positive control and cavities left empty served as a negative control. The area fraction of newly formed bone (4 weeks implantation) was significantly increased for TCP-containing fibres compared to pure PLGA (histological and micro-computed tomographic analysis). A spongiosa-like structure of the newly formed bone tissue was observed for PLGA/TCP nanocomposites, whereas Bio-Oss-treated defects afforded a solid cortical bone.

Additional indexing

Item Type:Journal Article, refereed, original work
Communities & Collections:04 Faculty of Medicine > Center for Dental Medicine > Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry
04 Faculty of Medicine > Center for Dental Medicine > Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery
04 Faculty of Medicine > University Hospital Zurich > Clinic for Obstetrics
04 Faculty of Medicine > University Hospital Zurich > Division of Surgical Research
Dewey Decimal Classification:610 Medicine & health
Scopus Subject Areas:Life Sciences > Biotechnology
Physical Sciences > Biomaterials
Life Sciences > Biochemistry
Physical Sciences > Biomedical Engineering
Life Sciences > Molecular Biology
Language:English
Date:June 2009
Deposited On:10 Dec 2009 10:10
Last Modified:03 Nov 2024 02:38
Publisher:Elsevier
ISSN:1742-7061
OA Status:Green
Publisher DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2008.11.030
PubMed ID:19121610
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