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Developing a Model for Quantifying QTc-Prolongation Risk to Enhance Medication Safety Assessment: A Retrospective Analysis

Giovannoni, Luis Lorenzo. Developing a Model for Quantifying QTc-Prolongation Risk to Enhance Medication Safety Assessment: A Retrospective Analysis. 2023, University of Zurich, Faculty of Medicine.

Abstract

There are currently no established methods to predict quantitatively whether the start of a drug with the potential to prolong the QTc interval poses patients at risk for relevant QTc prolongation. Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to pave the way for the development of models for estimating QTc prolongation in patients newly exposed to medications with QTc-prolonging potential. Data of patients with a documented QTc prolongation after initiation of a QTc-prolonging drug were extracted from hospital charts. Using a standard model-building approach, general linear mixed models were identified as the best models for predicting both the extent of QTc prolongation and its absolute value after the start of a QTc-time-prolonging drug. The cohort consisted of 107 adults with a mean age of 64.2 years. Patients were taking an average of 2.4 drugs associated with QTc prolongation, with amiodarone, propofol, pipamperone, ondansetron, and mirtazapine being the most frequently involved. There was a significant but weak correlation between measured and predicted absolute QTc values under medication (r$^2$ = 0.262, p < 0.05), as well as for QTc prolongation (r$^2$ = 0.238, p < 0.05). As the developed models are based on a relatively small number of subjects, further research is necessary to ensure their applicability and reliability in real-world scenarios. Overall, this research contributes to the understanding of QTc prolongation and its association with medications, providing insight into the development of predictive models. With improvements, these models could potentially aid healthcare professionals in assessing the risk of QTc prolongation before adding a new drug and in making informed decisions in clinical settings.

Additional indexing

Item Type:Dissertation (cumulative)
Referees:Kullak-Ublick Gerd A, Jetter Alexander
Communities & Collections:04 Faculty of Medicine > University Hospital Zurich > Clinic for Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology
UZH Dissertations
Dewey Decimal Classification:610 Medicine & health
Language:English
Date:2023
Deposited On:04 Mar 2024 08:43
Last Modified:21 May 2024 20:46
OA Status:Green
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