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Assessing the influence of sleep and sampling time on metabolites in oral fluid: implications for metabolomics studies

Scholz, Michael; Steuer, Andrea Eva; Dobay, Akos; Landolt, Hans-Peter; Kraemer, Thomas (2024). Assessing the influence of sleep and sampling time on metabolites in oral fluid: implications for metabolomics studies. Metabolomics, 20(5):97.

Abstract

Introduction
The human salivary metabolome is a rich source of information for metabolomics studies. Among other influences, individual differences in sleep-wake history and time of day may affect the metabolome.

Objectives
We aimed to characterize the influence of a single night of sleep deprivation compared to sufficient sleep on the metabolites present in oral fluid and to assess the implications of sampling time points for the design of metabolomics studies.

Methods
Oral fluid specimens of 13 healthy young males were obtained in Salivette$^{®}$ devices at regular intervals in both a control condition (repeated 8-hour sleep) and a sleep deprivation condition (total sleep deprivation of 8 h, recovery sleep of 8 h) and their metabolic contents compared in a semi-targeted metabolomics approach.

Results
Analysis of variance results showed factor ‘time’ (i.e., sampling time point) representing the major influencer (median 9.24%, range 3.02–42.91%), surpassing the intervention of sleep deprivation (median 1.81%, range 0.19–12.46%). In addition, we found about 10% of all metabolic features to have significantly changed in at least one time point after a night of sleep deprivation when compared to 8 h of sleep.

Conclusion
The majority of significant alterations in metabolites’ abundances were found when sampled in the morning hours, which can lead to subsequent misinterpretations of experimental effects in metabolomics studies. Beyond applying a within-subject design with identical sample collection times, we highly recommend monitoring participants’ sleep-wake schedules prior to and during experiments, even if the study focus is not sleep-related (e.g., via actigraphy).

Additional indexing

Item Type:Journal Article, refereed, original work
Communities & Collections:04 Faculty of Medicine > Institute of Legal Medicine
Dewey Decimal Classification:340 Law
610 Medicine & health
Scopus Subject Areas:Health Sciences > Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Life Sciences > Biochemistry
Life Sciences > Clinical Biochemistry
Uncontrolled Keywords:Metabolomics, Sleep, Sleep deprivation, Oral fluid, Saliva, LC-MS
Language:English
Date:7 August 2024
Deposited On:03 Sep 2024 12:29
Last Modified:31 Jan 2025 02:37
Publisher:Springer
ISSN:1573-3882
Additional Information:Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-024-02158-3. Data availability The data supporting the findings of this study are available within the paper and its Supplementary Information files. Furthermore, all raw metabolomics data files were uploaded to MetaboLights study identifier MTBLS9176, accessible via www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/MTBLS9176.
OA Status:Hybrid
Free access at:Publisher DOI. An embargo period may apply.
Publisher DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-024-02158-3
PubMed ID:39112673
Project Information:
  • Funder: University of Zurich
  • Grant ID:
  • Project Title:
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