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The role of poly(ADP-ribose) in the DNA damage signaling network


Malanga, M; Althaus, F R (2005). The role of poly(ADP-ribose) in the DNA damage signaling network. Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 83(3):354-364.

Abstract

DNA damage signaling is crucial for the maintenance of genome integrity. In higher eukaryotes a NAD+-dependent signal transduction mechanism has evolved to protect cells against the genome destabilizing effects of DNA strand breaks. The mechanism involves 2 nuclear enzymes that sense DNA strand breaks, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and -2 (PARP-1 and PARP-2). When activated by DNA breaks, these PARPs use NAD+ to catalyze their automodification with negatively charged, long and branched ADP-ribose polymers. Through recruitment of specific proteins at the site of damage and regulation of their activities, these polymers may either directly participate in the repair process or coordinate repair through chromatin unfolding, cell cycle progression, and cell survival-cell death pathways. A number of proteins, including histones, DNA topoisomerases, DNA methyltransferase-1 as well as DNA damage repair and checkpoint proteins (p23, p21, DNA-PK, NF-kB, XRCC1, and others) can be targeted in this manner; the interaction involves a specific poly(ADP-ribose)-binding sequence motif of 20-26 amino acids in the target domains.

Abstract

DNA damage signaling is crucial for the maintenance of genome integrity. In higher eukaryotes a NAD+-dependent signal transduction mechanism has evolved to protect cells against the genome destabilizing effects of DNA strand breaks. The mechanism involves 2 nuclear enzymes that sense DNA strand breaks, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and -2 (PARP-1 and PARP-2). When activated by DNA breaks, these PARPs use NAD+ to catalyze their automodification with negatively charged, long and branched ADP-ribose polymers. Through recruitment of specific proteins at the site of damage and regulation of their activities, these polymers may either directly participate in the repair process or coordinate repair through chromatin unfolding, cell cycle progression, and cell survival-cell death pathways. A number of proteins, including histones, DNA topoisomerases, DNA methyltransferase-1 as well as DNA damage repair and checkpoint proteins (p23, p21, DNA-PK, NF-kB, XRCC1, and others) can be targeted in this manner; the interaction involves a specific poly(ADP-ribose)-binding sequence motif of 20-26 amino acids in the target domains.

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Additional indexing

Item Type:Journal Article, refereed, further contribution
Communities & Collections:05 Vetsuisse Faculty > Institute of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology
Dewey Decimal Classification:570 Life sciences; biology
Scopus Subject Areas:Life Sciences > Biochemistry
Life Sciences > Molecular Biology
Life Sciences > Cell Biology
Language:English
Date:June 2005
Deposited On:27 Mar 2009 14:14
Last Modified:23 Jan 2022 12:30
Publisher:NRC Research Press
ISSN:0829-8211
Funders:Swiss National Science Foundation
Additional Information:Copyright: NRC Research Press
OA Status:Green
Publisher DOI:https://doi.org/10.1139/O05-038
PubMed ID:15959561
Project Information:
  • : FunderSNSF
  • : Grant ID
  • : Project TitleSwiss National Science Foundation