Abstract
Intra-operative ultrasound (ioUS) is one alternative for neurosurgeons to obtain images during surgery. Inexpensive to purchase and maintain, as well as convenient and easy to use, the functionality of ioUS is wide in scope. Many different US probes with various characteristics are available to localize and visualize intracerebral lesions, as well as to serve as a resection control during surgery. These probes include frequency range, matrix phase arrays, and imaging mode (2D, 3D, 4D)—many with additional features such as navigation or color duplex, depending on the aim of use. Many neurosurgeons, however, avoid ioUS because of some resolution and orientation problems, or simply because of inexperience.
Bozinov, O