UZH-Logo

Maintenance Infos

Toxicological screening after the REMEDI


Zgraggen, S; Bonafini, R; Gutteck-Amsler, U; Rentsch, K M (2007). Toxicological screening after the REMEDI. In: XV. GTFCh–Symposium, Mosbach, 18 April 2007 - 21 April 2007. Gesellschaft für Toxikologische und Forensische Chemie, 263-268.

Abstract

The REMEDI™ will no longer be supported. Therefore, we had to introduce a new procedure for the general unknown screening. We introduced the GC-MS screening procedure published by Maurer et al. (1) and compared its performance with the REMEDI™ for the four different drug classes: antidepressants, antipsychotics, non-opioid analgesics and anticonvulsants.
Half of the urine sample has been hydrolysed by acid hydrolyses and then been combined
with the other half. Trimipramine-d3 has been added as internal standard and liquid-liquid extraction was performed with dichloromethane/ isopropanol/ethylacetate. The organic phase was evaporated and the residue derivatized with acetanhydride/pyridine using microwave energy.
After evaporation, the residue was dissolved in 50 μl toluene/ethylacetat
e and injected into a TraceTM GC 2000 coupled to a MD 800 mass spectrometer (ThermoQuest, San José, USA). With the exception of sertraline, all antidepressants used in Switzerland could be detected with both methods below the concentration usually found in urine after therapeutic use (cU). The GC-MS procedure had a higher sensitivity for all compounds analysed. Many antipsychotic drugs are only minimally excreted in urine as unchanged drug. Therefore, the detection limit of the
parent drug was often much higher than the cU. The metabolites however could be detected
sufficiently. With the exception of amisulpride, sulpiride and tiapride, all antipsychotics had a
higher sensitivity with the GC-MS procedure.
The non-opioid analgesics and anticonvulsants can only incompletely be detected by the REMEDI™. With the GC-MS procedure all acid drugs of the before mentioned drug classes can only be detected in toxic concentrations. The introduction of a second extraction step using an acidic pH did not improve the sensitivity.
In conclusion, the modified GC-MS screening procedure allows a very complete detection of the antidepressants, antipsychotics, non-opioid analgesics and anticonvulsants. The disadvantage of this new procedure is a turnaround time of about 2 hours.

Abstract

The REMEDI™ will no longer be supported. Therefore, we had to introduce a new procedure for the general unknown screening. We introduced the GC-MS screening procedure published by Maurer et al. (1) and compared its performance with the REMEDI™ for the four different drug classes: antidepressants, antipsychotics, non-opioid analgesics and anticonvulsants.
Half of the urine sample has been hydrolysed by acid hydrolyses and then been combined
with the other half. Trimipramine-d3 has been added as internal standard and liquid-liquid extraction was performed with dichloromethane/ isopropanol/ethylacetate. The organic phase was evaporated and the residue derivatized with acetanhydride/pyridine using microwave energy.
After evaporation, the residue was dissolved in 50 μl toluene/ethylacetat
e and injected into a TraceTM GC 2000 coupled to a MD 800 mass spectrometer (ThermoQuest, San José, USA). With the exception of sertraline, all antidepressants used in Switzerland could be detected with both methods below the concentration usually found in urine after therapeutic use (cU). The GC-MS procedure had a higher sensitivity for all compounds analysed. Many antipsychotic drugs are only minimally excreted in urine as unchanged drug. Therefore, the detection limit of the
parent drug was often much higher than the cU. The metabolites however could be detected
sufficiently. With the exception of amisulpride, sulpiride and tiapride, all antipsychotics had a
higher sensitivity with the GC-MS procedure.
The non-opioid analgesics and anticonvulsants can only incompletely be detected by the REMEDI™. With the GC-MS procedure all acid drugs of the before mentioned drug classes can only be detected in toxic concentrations. The introduction of a second extraction step using an acidic pH did not improve the sensitivity.
In conclusion, the modified GC-MS screening procedure allows a very complete detection of the antidepressants, antipsychotics, non-opioid analgesics and anticonvulsants. The disadvantage of this new procedure is a turnaround time of about 2 hours.

Find similar titles

Altmetrics

Downloads

1 download since deposited on 14 Oct 2013
0 downloads since 12 months
Detailed statistics

Additional indexing

Item Type:Conference or Workshop Item (Paper), not_refereed, original work
Communities & Collections:04 Faculty of Medicine > University Hospital Zurich > Institute of Clinical Chemistry
Dewey Decimal Classification:610 Medicine & health
540 Chemistry
Language:English
Event End Date:21 April 2007
Deposited On:14 Oct 2013 11:30
Last Modified:30 Jul 2020 10:03
Publisher:Gesellschaft für Toxikologische und Forensische Chemie
ISBN:978-3-00-023794-2
OA Status:Closed
Free access at:Official URL. An embargo period may apply.
Official URL:http://www.gtfch.org/cms/index.php/proceedings/109-tagungsband-zum-xv-gtfchsymposium-1821042007-in-mosbach?highlight=WyJ0aGVyYXBldXRpYyIsImRydWciLCJtb25pdG9yaW5nIiwib2YiLCJhbnRpcmV0cm92aXJhbCIsImRydWdzIiwidXNpbmciLCJsYy1tcyIsInRoZXJhcGV1dGljIGRydWciLCJ0aG