Anpassungsstörungen bei Patienten einer psychosomatischen Poliklinik - Beschwerden, Veränderungsbereitschaft und Psychotherapiemotivation

Abstract

New diagnostic concept of adjustment disorders in psychosomatic outpatients – Symptom severity, willingness to change, psychotherapy motivation Objectives: Adjustment disorders (AD) represent a frequently diagnosed type of disorder for which scientific interest has been limited because of insufficient diagnostic criteria. This study presents a concept comprising cognitive, behavioural, and emotional criteria (ADNM) which investigates differences in symptom severity, willingness to change, and motivation for psychotherapy in subjects with adjustment disorders. Method: 331 outpatients were examined with a number of tools (ADNM, SCL-90-R, FPTM-23, FEVER). The ADNM is evaluated on the basis of theoretical assumptions and divides the sample into subjects with elevated and normal scores. Results: The sample comprised patients with elevated scores (61 %) and normal scores (39 %). Subjects with AD scored higher on depression, anxiety, and impulsivity (p < 0.001) as well as exhibiting elevated scores on the SCL-90-R (p < 0.001), for contemplation/action (p = 0.003 | p < 0.001), and for psychotherapy motivation (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The ADNM identifies patients experiencing stress. Further longitudinal studies should examine whether patients more frequently enter psychotherapy or not.