Methylation-dependent SOX9 expression mediates invasion in human melanoma cells and is a negative prognostic factor in advanced melanoma

Cheng, Phil F; Shakhova, Olga; Widmer, Daniel S; Eichhoff, Ossia M; Zingg, Daniel; Frommel, Sandra C; Belloni, Benedetta; Raaijmakers, Marieke I G; Goldinger, Simone M; Santoro, Raffaella; Hemmi, Silvio; Sommer, Lukas; Dummer, Reinhard; Levesque, Mitchell P

doi:10.1186/s13059-015-0594-4

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Cheng, P. F., Shakhova, O., Widmer, D. S., Eichhoff, O. M., Zingg, D., Frommel, S. C., Belloni, B., Raaijmakers, M. I. G., Goldinger, S. M., Santoro, R., Hemmi, S., Sommer, L., Dummer, R., & Levesque, M. P. (2015). Methylation-dependent SOX9 expression mediates invasion in human melanoma cells and is a negative prognostic factor in advanced melanoma. Genome Biology, 16, 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-015-0594-4

Abstract

BACKGROUND Melanoma is the most fatal skin cancer displaying a high degree of molecular heterogeneity. Phenotype switching is a mechanism that contributes to melanoma heterogeneity by altering transcription profiles for the transition between states of proliferation/differentiation and invasion/stemness. As phenotype switching is reversible, epigenetic mechanisms, like DNA methylation, could contribute to the changes in gene expression. RESULTS Integrative analysis of methylation and gene expression datasets of five proliferative a